The expanded BRICS alliance cemented its role as a geopolitical counterweight to Western dominance during its foreign ministers’ summit in Rio de Janeiro, according to bne IntelliNews.
Against the backdrop of escalating trade wars and unresolved conflicts, the 11-member bloc—now representing 40% of global GDP—positioned itself as the standard-bearer for the Global South while navigating internal divisions.
Brazilian Foreign Minister Mauro Vieira opened proceedings at the iconic Itamaraty Palace by framing BRICS as a unique platform “to foster dialogue, development and stability,” emphasising the group’s growing clout in challenging what members view as an outdated Western-led order.
The summit’s agenda reflected this ambition, tackling contentious issues from Gaza to Ukraine with carefully calibrated language that balanced member states’ competing interests.
Vieira’s call for Israel’s complete withdrawal from Gaza and advocacy for a UN Charter-based solution in Ukraine underscored BRICS’ attempt to present a united front, despite divergent stances among members. The bloc’s delicate balancing act was further tested by the conspicuous absence of India’s External Affairs Minister following renewed tensions in Kashmir.
Economic sovereignty and climate leadership
The gathering unfolded as US President Donald Trump’s aggressive trade policies—including 145% tariffs on Chinese goods—rattled global markets. While the ministers prepared a joint statement condemning unilateral trade measures, they stopped short of outright confrontation, mindful of Brazil and India’s need to maintain ties with foreign partners.
Discussions about a common BRICS currency were also shelved as “premature,” with Russia’s foreign minister Sergey Lavrov and Mauro Vieira instead focusing on incremental steps to reduce dollar dependence through increased use of national currencies in intra-bloc trade. The cautious approach follows Trump’s threat to impose 100% tariffs on BRICS nations should they abandon the dollar.
With Brazil set to host COP30 in Belém later this year, climate finance emerged as a key battleground. Vieira demanded wealthy nations fulfil their financial obligations to the developing world, positioning BRICS as a champion of climate justice just as the Trump administration retreats from environmental commitments.
As the bloc prepares for its full summit in July, the Rio meetings have underscored BRICS’ evolution from an economic forum to a geopolitical force capable of challenging traditional power structures.
